"" IN THE ARMY TOoj

OVER 300 DeVRY 35mm THEATRE SOUND PROJECTORS TO U.S. ARMY AIR CORPS!

In all branches of the nation's armed services, where films are today demon- strating their inestimable value for teaching as well as wholesome entertainment, DeVry craftsmanship is fulfilling the need for sturdy, dependable projection equipment essential to the success of this vital victory program. To the growing list of Government users of our sound projectors DeVry is proud to add the U. S. Army Air Corps, recent purchaser of more than 500 theatre sound pro- jectors including DeVry sound systems.

U. S. NAVY SHIPS AND BASES I ARE ALSO DeVRY EQDIPPED!

Hundreds of DeVry 35nim Sound Theatre Projectors and Sound Systems are beini^ installed on fighting ships and at many of the far-flung shore bases of our Navy. Here, too, the same rugged construction and constant, theatre-quality per- formance under the most trying conditions assures uninter- rupted programs whenever required.

The same craftsmanship is found in DeVry 16mm Sound Projectors used by schools, industry and Government. Sturdy and dependable, yet especially designed

for convenient portability, this DeVry equipment assures the finest in 16mm performance.

DeV'rii cameras help tent America'K new bombcm: flight recorder equip- ment utilising the DeVr>i Mttdel A camera itt a nfandard part of aircraft text equipment note being iuied by manti leading plane manufacturers.

AUDIO-VISUAL AIDS ESSENTIAL IN WAR TRAINING

The complex techniques of modern mechanized war and the swift expansion of our n.ition's armed forces have made audio-visual aids the teaching media of the hour. Speeding the training of millions of service men in the n,ition's drive to victorj' are the many hundreds of instructional film subjects produced by Army and Navy. On the industrial front, too, where apprentices must be rapidly trained to help meet the increasing demand for essential war production, \ocational train- ing films are playing an all-important role in shortening learning time. Wherever suidents. citizens, workers and the men of our armed services gather to learn by films. DeVry 16 and 55mm projection is "on duty" to assure unfailing quality in screen performance.

DAY and NIGHT for VICTORY

On night and day shifts, DeWy craftsmen maintain unceasing efforts to assure production of 16mm sotmd and silent projectors as well as DeVry 35mm equip- ment, for schools, industry and the U. S. Government.

Invest in the future of America — Buy Defense Bonds and Stamps

DeVRY corporation

I I I I ARMITAGE AVE.

Cable: HERMDEVRY

CHICAGO. ILLINOIS

No Longer "Confidential"

So just as a matter of record, here is the opening para- graph of the original plan developed in collaboration with the U. S. Office of Education and approved July 15, 1940.

.tative draft

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and mate

"FILMS FOR DEFENSE" are now getting into action. We direct your attention to the ioUow- ing Caravel productions:

Five Fites on the Milling Machine: The Mill- ing Machine . . . Cutting Keyways . . . Straddle and Surface Milling to Close Tolerances . . . Straddle Milling . . . Plain Indexing and Cut- ting a Spur Gear.

Five FiJms on SJiipfaui/ding: Preparing and Setting a Keel Block and Bottom Cradle . . . Innerbottom Sections: Sub-assembly of a Closed Floor, Sub-assembly of a Solid Floor . . . Side Frames: Sub-assembly of a Web Frame . . . Deck Girders: Sub-assembly . . . Deck Plates: Regulating and Setting.

TO BUSINESS MEN: The same organizalion ihat had ihe foresight and initiative to promote the use of training films in the defense industries eighteen months before this country was at war should be excellently equipped to serve you in creating training programs to speed immediate production, or to develop long-range selling plans. Ask to see our recent training films. Talk with our clients. Judge for yourself.

CARAVEL FILMS

INCORPORATED New York • 730 Fifth Avenue . Tel. Circle 7-6112

'fmgmMWM

Symbolic ol America's expanding aircraft industry and its need lor skilled and semi skilled workers is this scene showing Martin bombers from the O.E.M. Film Report ■Bomber".

Visual Aids of Great Importance in Training Program for Workers in War Industries

BY Frank J. McSherry, Chief. Defense Training Branch, Labor Division, Office of Production Management

HLL TYPES of visual aids have a place in trade and in- dustrial training. In addition to the projected image we thus make use of the printed or written word; tbs chart, drawing, diagram, illustration, or print; the model, or job itself. In visual aids of the projected image type, piece, part, or assembly; and the actual machine tool the photographic techniques have been developed to a high degree. Much remains to be done, however, in developing the best techniques and instructional pro- cesses for the presentation of correct shop methods as practiced by industry, and in utilizing training aids most effectively in imparting this instruction.

The development of courses of instruction should be placed in the hands of training experts who understand the application of the time-tested principles of trade and industrial education and who are working in the field for which training aids are being planned. This group with the assistance of specially selected mechanics, technicians, and foremen from the occupation itself should determine and select the content to be taught. This combined talent will insure correctness of method and arrangement for presentation in correct instruc- tional order. New material will be presented

A BUSINESS SCREEN GUEST EDITORIAL

"one thing at a time" in small amounts. Immediate appli- cation of the "check up" step, so important in trade and industrial training, will be provided for. The arrange- ment in the order of difficulty will be secured by going from the simple to the complex, from the easy to the dif- ficult, and from the safe to the dangerous in procedures.

In the selection of essential operations, special con- sideration will be given the break-down under teaching points involving skills, techniques, and "shop kinks". Those techniques or methods that can be better shown by visual aids than by demonstration will be spotted. The best type or combination of types of visual educa- tion will be determined by such a group working with the skilled projection technicians.

Many training films are too long to permit retention of content. Movies and slide films should be short and shorn of all non-essentials, such as music and other fol- de-rol. Color is only advisable where it aids in visualiza- tion or differentiation. The application of these princi- ples will save time, money, and effort and will insure an effective contribution to the all-important job of plac- ing trained men on the production line.

FILMS FOR VICTORY TRAINING

immm for i/ictory

"Wiih Sound Motion Pictures

IN THE gigantic effort to weld this country into an effeaive fighting force — sound motion pictures arc of tremendous importance. They play a vital role in training U. S. Army, Navy and Air Corps personnel . . . speeding up indusiri.il production . . . training industrial workers . . . aiding in vocational education . .. making possible the more effective operation of government departments . . . providing morale-building entertainment to U. S. armed forces . . . and in disseminating important defense procedures to the general public. Ampro 16nim. silent and sound projectors, in ever-increasing numbers, are helping carry out this huge program.

Washinslon. D. C. — Accurate data and in- formation about films, equipment, and their uses by the Government agencies for vocational train- ing and similar purposes, are practically im- possible of assembly. One striking exception is the U. S. Office of Education which now is able to offer a definite film training program lo all agencies of government concerned with voca- tional education in machine tools and ship- building skills.

The other two-thirds of the civilian defense industries will be in full swing within the next nine months and will be scattered over all parts of the United States, probably also in foreign areas, where there are United States armed forces, and where the civilians connected with Defense may carry the industrial help of the United States. Much of this vocational training will be spread, in the near future, through the 60 clients of the United Slates who receive lend- lease aid. These include China, the Dutch East Indies, the French. Belgians, and others, in Africa: and other groups elsewhere, such as the Russians, who need industrial skilled training in some techniques.

There are approximately 25 training tilnis available which may be obtained from a number of agencies, such as the Social Security .\dmin- istration, the Works Projects Administration. Civilian Conservation Corps. National Youth Administration, and others. The principal voca- tional training films, as is widely known, have been made, and will be made, by the Office of Education, under supervision of Dr. John Vi . Sludehaker, Dr. C. F. Klinefelter, and under

BUSINESS SCREEN

Victory Training Edition

Vol. IV Co.MK.NTS Nu- 1

Visual Aids in War Industry -4

Full Speed to Victory 13

Teaching Fundamentals 1-1

Precision Measuring Films 16

The Engine Lathe 1'^

The Milling Machine 19

Vertical Boring Mill 20

The Shaper 21

Radial Drill 22

Visual Aids in Shipbuilding 23

Shipbuilding Skills -- 24

* • *

Uuslo.-.! Screm MMuliie. l»"i'd to Biulneo S<m«i

hui"i«o- 15. 19'2- EJlto': « U- Coi'lln. Jr.: Art Ulttclor: Dan Bunj.n. E..tcm EclUor; BoM. Scjmour. r? .N-'w V»rk om«»: I'l.".!.. Blto. Phon, Murray mil M051 Wwtrni Edllor: H. L, Mitchell. 2189 HIU Siwt. Hunllneton P.rk. C«1H. : Pljono ■^'«>?.'" ItJliS Aoi-rptanc© uiidtT the Art Qf June 5. Itf.^J. «ullii.rli«l Febru.rj- 20. 1039. liuim-d 12 Hmc. iimuilU — Including 1 Blx-clul nulnlicre (not drculateil In Ihe Itu^mei* flclill. Subscription: $2.00 for S buslncw num- Kts- Korflgn an.l fanaOu «.r.O: Slnitlc Copy 50c. Enllrc rontent* Coi^rUtitM 1942 hv Ru^lncsa Screen Miih-tiHiics Inc. Tradcninrk Rcc '" s t'ni.'ni nmre.

the direction of Floyde E. Brooker. Eighteen of these films have been finished, two will be finished before this is published, and ten will Im- ready in January. These thirty training films. \irlually classics in the instruction of skills in machine work, are the earliest iirodiicis of the fifty training films scheduled by the Office of f;ducation. The balance of the fifty will be produced rapidly during the early part of 1942. These Office of Education films also include ilie shipbuilding series, likewise produced under ihe direction of Floyde E. Brooker. at the naval shipyards at Newport News. Va.. with the help of liie Navy, the U. S. Maritime Commission, and with the general cooperation of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Navy Intelli- gence section. This shipbuilding series, for use in all areas where shipbuilding is being rushed, has the technical aid of the foremost shipbuild- ing machinists and technicians in .•\nierica. The need for this series is obvious when you realize that at least six times as many merchant ships will be built in the coming year as were built in 1911. and that the Navy tonnage will be ex- panded from 1.500.000 to 5.000.000 tons.

The training films pr»duced by the Office of Education will be available to all agencies of Ihe Government, to all vocational training schools, and to all training sections in industry, as well as lo all other non-Government agencies which have anything to do with the training of skilled workers. The need of skilled workers grows by leaps and bounds: and the need of films to aid in the training apparently has no I I'Icuse turn to Page Thirty-six)

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1HE ILS.OFFICE OF EDUCATION

ANNOUNCES

fhafhe/p^ofeac^

^T^A

THESE 18 FILMS IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE:

5 ON THE ENGINE LATHE

1. Rough Turning between Centers

2. Turning Work of 2 Diameters

3. Cutting 3 Taper With the Com-

pound Rest and With the Taper Attachment

4. Drilting, Boring and Reaming Work Held in Chuck

5. Cutting an External National Fine Thread

5 ON THE MILLING MACHINE

A. The Milling Machine

1. Cutting Keyways

2. Straddle and Surface Milling to Close Tolerances

3. Straddle Milling

4. Plain Indexing and Cutting a Spur Cear

3 ON THE VERTICAL BORING MILL

1. Rough Facing, Turning and Drill- ing on a Vertical Turret Lathe

2. Rough Facing and Boring and Turning a Shoulder on a Vertical Turret Lathe

3. Facing, Turning, Boring. Groov- ing, Chamfering on a Vertical Turret Lathe Using 2 Heads

5 ON PRECISION MEASURING

1. The Steel Scale

2. The Micrometer

3. Fixed Gages

4. Vernier Scale

5. Height Gages and Standard Indicators

THESE 32 TITLES WILL BE RELEASED SOON:

3 On the Shaper 2 On the Radial Drill S On Bench Work 5 On Bench Work and

2 On the Lathe

1 On the Sensitive Drill

2 On the Vertical Drill

Fifty 16mnn Sound on Film Subjects

/£^' %- The Whole Country has hoped for some method by which the training of de- m'i^€s>i^ fense workers might be hastened. Workers themselves have been anxious to ^^ acquire speciaHzed skills. Now here is a powerful aid— in motion pictures that help to teach machine shop work!

Centering 10 On SHIPBUILDING

2 On Action of Single-Point Cutting Tools

Produced for U. S. Government— These films were made under the direction of the U. S. Office of Education, Federal Security Agency. These important teaching tools were primarily designed to aid and expand the nation's defense effort.

Accurate . . . Authentic — The pictures are accurate... authentic. They conform to the best methods in machine shop practice. They were supervised by old line ""t/wr" experts. Leading American industries cooperated in their making. Those who have seen them call them one of the greatest contributions ever made to American in- dustry and American workers.

*,^ ' Low Cost— These instructional films are being sold at the lowest possible cost i6Q_M to give them the widest possible use. Your cost is less than $9.00 per reel! f^* All subjects are available in 16mm Sound On Film. Eighteen titles are now ready. Every training school, every factory, every plant maintaining machine shop activ- ities needs these great teaching aids!

FRCE CATALOGUE f Send today for free catalogue describing each film listed at the left. We will gladly put you on ovir mailing list for information about future releases. Address all inquiries to:

CASTLE FILMS

Distributors for THE UNITED STATES OFFICE OF EDUCATION

CASTLE FILMS:

RCA BLDG. NEW YORK

FIELD BLDG. CHICAGO

RUSS BLDG. SAN FRANCISCO

}••

eoreit ffice

Please send immediately free catalogue describing THE UNITED STATES OFFICE OF EDUCATIONS "Teaching Tools for Defense Workers."

City-

Viviory Training Hditian

GENEROUS CONTRIBUTORS

BECAUSE of their excej)tional ability — each ill its own fiekl — to record completely the beauty of every scene, Eastman negative films have contrib- uted their part to the success of modern screen productions. Eastman Kodak Companv, Rochester, N. Y.

J. E. BRULATOl K. IXC, Distributors

Fori Lee Chicai»o Hollywood

IMAS-X SI ■•««-:

for f/en^ral Hlmtio use trhfii li/ilt* liffht is urailuhte

BArRCiKOiLMI-X

for bfU'kgrounds and general exterior irork

EASTMA]^ NEGATIVE FILMS

Biisiiti'ss StTi'pn

LEADING USERS OF INDUSTRIAL FILMS RECOMMEND DA-LITE SCREENS

^^^4Uf,U^j&eA.exll FOR GREATER CONVENIENCE

The ease with which the Da-Lite Challenger Screen can be set up and taken down is an important reason why so many leading industrial film users prefer Da-Lite equipment. The Challenger com- bines in one unit a spring-roller-mounted glass- beaded surface and a rigid sturdy folding tripod It is the only screen that has SQUARE TUBING in both the center rod of the tripod and the exten- sion support and is the only screen that can be adjusted In height merely by releasing a spring latch and rasing the extension support. It can be set up anywhere in IS seconds, yet folds com- pactly for easy carrying. 12 sizes from 30 inches by 40 inches to 70 inches by 94 inches inclusive. From S12.50 up. Price slightly higher on the Pacific Coast

Scene from "That High Power Top Inch", shown on a Da-Lite Challenger Screen. — America's most popular portable screen.

To explain the advanlafies «>f Perfeol Circle piston rings to servicemen in the automotive industry. The Perfect Circle Company has found sound slidefTlms very effective. Its latest production entitled "That High Power Top Inch," made hy Associated Sales Company, <lraniatically shows the most effirieni inelhods of installing and servicing piston rings. To assure the most efficient presentation of this sli<lefilm. The Perfect Circle Company has recently started using Da-Lite Class-Beaded Screens.

Mr. Stanley Murray, Assistant Advertising Manager, writes — "In the past ten years we have used many films and types of screens in our sales promotion work and we have foinid these new screens to be the most successful we have crer used. They are quickly set up and seem to be "engineered" to help a per- son put on a good show rather than to he a source of annoyance like so many folding screens that we have use<l in the past. The surface of the screen reflects the film exceptionally well. We can whole-heartedly recommend this screen to any of your potential users."

^our industrial slidefilms and motion pictures also deserve projection on Da- Lite Glass-Beaded Screens. Ask your producer or supplier alioiit them or write Dept. 12B for latest catalog.

THE DA-LITE SCREEN COMPANY. INC.

2723 NDRTH CRAWFORD AVENUE

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

Vielory Training Ktlilion

Th<' Better the Sound llie Better the Pieture . . . and R(;A Leads in Sound Development!

The (|iuility ol the sound can make or break your motion picture. That's why it pays to follow the exam])!e ol leading Hollywood producers . . . experts in making pictures. Take their advice and insist on RCA High Fidelity Sound. Leading industrial motion picture companies use it.

Look to RCA for Leadership

Recent tremendous improvements in sound recordiny are tlirectly due

to RCA. The Duplex \'arialile-;\rea Sound Track, S|ilit-\\ a\e Recording that virtually eliminates ground noise, and Ultra-\'iolct Light Re- cording that vastK improves defini- tion, are all RCA firsts. And RCA continues to lead in the research and development oi sound.

For lietter sound films choose a com- pany licensed to use RCA High Fidel- it\ Sound. The results will pay you.

BE SURE IT'S LI< ENSKl) SOUND:

CiilumUia Pictures Ciirporation

Patlic News Co.

.^\arch ot Time

Repulilii- Pniiluctions, Inc.

RKO Railld Pictures. Inc.

r«eiitietli Ccntur\-Fox Film Corp.

\\'all Disnev Productions

Warner Bros. Pictures. Inc.

Companies Specializiyix in Industrial and Advertising Films

.Mexander Film Co..

Ciiliirado Springs. Colorado Burton Holmes Films. Inc..

Chicago. Illinois Chicago Film Laboratory. Inc..

Chicago. Illinois lileal SoutuI Stuthos.

Hudson Heights. New Jersey .^\otioii Picture .\dv. Service Co., New Orleans. Louisiana Ra.v-Bell Films. Inc..

St. Paul. .^\innesota West Coast Service Studios.

New York, New York

I PHOTOPHONE

' RECORDING DIVISION

RCA Manufacturing Company, Inc. • A Service of the Radio Corporation of America In Canada: RCA Manufacturing Company, Ltd., Montreal

iliisiin'ss Svrvi'ii

THE VICTORY TRAINING EDITION

"The American morion picture is one of our most effective media in informing and entertaining our citizens. . . . The motion picture, especially as

OF BUSINESS SCREEN MAGAZINE

used by the Federal Government, has a ferg useful contribution to make during the War emergency."

— Franklin D. Roosevelt

ISSUE ONE • THE MAGAZINE OF VOCATIONAL & EDUCATIONAL FILMS • VOLUME FOUR

Our Industry Answers the Call to Arms

"^.

• Visual Eqiip- M E N T m a n u f a c ■ hirers and indus- trial film pro- ducers alike have answered Ameri- ca's call to the colors. This is the hour of destiny for the industry, with the armed services and the industrial war pro- duction program, as well as civilian defense, health and nutrition pro- grams, agricultural production and public morale depending upon the film mediums as the primary edu- cational medium.

.\nswering the call, our visual equipment manufacturers have pledged the Division of Civilian Supply of the Office of Production Management that the total resources of their plants are now turned to supplying the training classrooms and group centers of the nation with the essential equipment needed for these purposes. In this activity, your editor has given his services throughout the past months to serve as chairman of the industry's visual equipment manufacturers' associa- tion. \^ e have been proud to serve.

Training for Viclor>-

if Visual educators, shop instruc- tors and industrialists alike will he inspired, as we have been, by the tremendous production accom- plishment now nearing completion by the U. S. Office of Education in the studios of the industry's most able and experienced industrial film producers.

.\lready the reports are flowing into this magazine and to the train- ing chiefs in \^ ashington of the re- sults which the Victory Training program is accomplishing. Hardl\ begun, the program will gain mo- mentum as the number of reels in use and the methods of use are in- creased and improved.

We can honestly sav that these producers have given their all. The films were produced at half the cost the Government has paid in the

past: at a trntli of the cost of some well-publicized creations. But into them has been poured the crafts- manship and skill of three decades of experience in this sort of work. They are training films, with techni- cal animation, closeups. micropho- tography. and other industrial techniques applied without stint to assure real training results.

Information Vs. Training

"k I.et no man confuse the two tasks which lay before our Federal Government in this critical hour. To the Office of Government Re- ports and the Co-ordinator of Gov- ernment Films. Mr. Lowell Mellett. the President has assigned the task of planning and organizing Govern- ment motion picture production and distribution "as is deemed neces.sary to inform and instruct ihr public during the war-time crisis."

To Mr. Mellett and his able Deputy Co-ordinator Arch Mercey. your editor pledges the resources of Business Screen and the industry in carrying out this great task. We are. indeed, proud to acknowledge that we were the first and only pub- lication to call attention to this need several months ago.

The highly technical and com- plex job of providing the industrial training program with visual mate- rials is being successfully carried out by the proper educational authorities already charged with

VISUAL MEDIA SPEED TRAINING

Motion picturt- and ?ljd.r- films are making passible the speedy training of mil- lions of men who must man the machines in our new war production Program. To this Victory Training task. Business Screen dedicates this first issue of 1942.

similar responsibilities. This is a training task which has earned the approbation of both Government and industrial officials concerned. The trained specialists who have been at work on this program for many months have the experience and the proven record of produc- tion to which the thirty films re- viewed in this issue are sufficient testimony. There are no persons in all Government so well qualified to continue and to achieve even greater success than this hard- working crew and their efficient superiors in the United .States Office of Education.

Civilian Defense Program

■^ We ha\e been in touch with re- sponsible individuals in the auto industry and with dealers who heartily approve of this idea: hold weekly classes in civilian defense procedures in your local auto dealer's salesroom. Some of these are projector-equipped. They are more readily available in business sections, particularly in smaller cities, than the local schools.

It costs money to keep a school open for these purposes in the evening. Heating plants, mainten- ance men. and janitors must be paid at considerable expense. The local auto dealer will be glad to help. Let's take advantage of his facilities, honor his courtesy and at the .same time do this public train-

9 *>*>*!?*?'

r ■ - - . -'T «

ing task more efficiently. It can be done if we use every physical asset at this vast nation's command.

Keep Them Rolling!

'k The income which the family auto produces in stale and federal taxes as well as the common sense of keeping the dealer organizations going, calls for a nation-wide pro- gram of service and conservation teaching directed at the public and the dealer's own organization.

Mass ""selling" did a great job for Chevrolet and others — why not use mass "teaching" to preserve what we have. Washington will heartily approve of such conserva- tion and ""anti-gyp" education. Safety, maintenance, tire care, all can be taught in a nation-wide series of free evening classes held under the joint auspices of motor, oil and tire companies. The public will do its part — the dealer urg- ently needs this kind of efTort and no better way could be imagined for the sponsors to retain the good- will and advertising in which they have so many millions invested.

X^Tiat are we waiting for? Do you need any more testimony to the value of this medium than its present wholesale adoption by Gov- ernment is now providing?

A Word of Regret

Pages of unused articles, reviews of outstanding recent film produc- tions, etc., (.some of them listed on the next page) remain in our pub- lication files for appearance in our Mid-February number. In recogni- tion of our country's great need — which is answered in this Victory Training program — we have dedi- cated every possible page to the greatest accomplishment in visual education the country has ever seen. — O. H. C.

(;oveb: The Precisio.\ Gage Is America's Symbol of Victory: (picture by Loucks & Norling)

Victory Training Edition

• The National effort to strengthen defense of this country necessitated the expansion of many industrial plants, the conversion of many others, and the establishment of new plants in the change of our industry from peace-time production to the production of war materials. This created a need for great num- bers of technical, professional and skilled workers of all grades. Par- ticularly acute was the need in the machine tool, aircraft, and ship- building industries. It was obvious that the existing supply of unem- ployed workers already qualified in defense occupations w o u 1 d be quickly exhausted and that the ad- ditional requirements must be met through the development of the skills and knowledge of employed workers in order to fit them for advancement and the development of the initial skill of new workers.

Recognizing that the solution of this problem would involve train- ing programs of national scope. Congress, on June 27. 1940. ap- propriated funds to the U. S. Office of Flducation for the. establishment and operation of defense training. Millions Receive Training

As a result of this and succeeding appropriations for the same pur- pose, defense training programs are now being conducted by the public educational authorities of every Stat<' in the I nion for the develop- ment of qualified workers for de- fense industries. .\ total of 2A77.WO persons have received in- struction through these programs since their inception. July 1. 1940. .\ssisting in the carrying out of these programs are 15.S colleges and universities. 1.000 public voca- tional and trade schools and lO.OOO public school shops.

ENGINEERING. SCIENCE * MAN.AGEMENT TRAINING

if To meet the needs for technical, professional and supervisory per- sonnel in defense industries, a pro- gram was inaugurated and carried on in the degree granting engineer- ing schools of our colleges and uni- versities. This program is being accomplished through the utiliza- tion of extensive and highly devel- oped training facilities comprising teaching stalT.s. plants, and equip- ment of these institutions. The greater proportion of courses of this program are designed to up grade technical and professional personnel employed in defense oc- cupations. The remaining courses are designed to prepare persons with suitable educational qualifica- rions for po.sitions in defense in- dustries. As of December 1. 19 U. there were 8.3.000 persons enrolled in these courses.

A total of 220,000 persons have

America Trains Millions for Neiv War Industries

— report shows need for visual training aids

received instruction in these courses during the last year. Initially the program was restricted to engineer- ing occupations but it soon became apparent that there was need for technical and professional persons in other defense occupations. Be- ginning with the first of July this program was broadened to include science and management courses needed by defense industries. \^ ith the expansion of industries incident to the active participation of this country in war. the need for super- visory persoimel will be greatly in- creased. The authorities in charge of this program are engaged in a rapid expansion of the training of supervisory personnel to keep in step with the needs of our expand- ing defense industries.

VOCATIONAL TRAINING FOR DEFEN.SE WOKKI HS

"k To assist defense industries to meet the needs for additional crafts- men and production workers, a training program beginning July 1. 1940. was inaugurated and carried on by our public vocational school system utilizing the teaching staffs and existing plants and equipment, worth one and a quarter billion dollars. This program consists of two parts, namely, supplementary courses to up-grade employed work- ers and pre-employment courses for unemployed workers.

Supplementary courses are de- signed to assist in the development of additional knowledge and skill

of emploved workers being pre- pared for advancement. This pro- gram is considered of paramount importance as it directly aids and expedites the Training W ithin In- dustry Program of OP.M designed to meet the shortage of skilled workers in defense industries. From an enrollment of 25.000 workers one month after this program started the number of trainees has increased in a regular progression to 179.140 as of December 1. 1941. During the 18 months this program has been operated there have been 835.400 employed workers enrolled.

Wak Increases Need The immediate effect of the out- break of war upon this program is the need for expansion in order to assist defense industries in meeting their skilled labor problem incident to increase in production. During the current fiscal year it was planned to train 900.000 workers in this program. It is certain that during the last half of this current fiscal year the originally planned program will be expanded insofar as possible with existing facilities. During the next year the number of employed workers requiring .sup- plementary courses in related sub- jects and in the shop practices re- lated to their daily job. will be materially greater.

Pre-employment courses are de- signed to develop initial skill in workers essential to employment in defense occupations. The great ex-

COMING FEATURES IN BUSINESS SCREEN

Kditor'tt Note: Btcausr of the prc^tnt critical need jur traininu aidx iti icor indwtrirn, this entire edition of Business Screen hag been dedicated to the \'ictortt Training Program of the U. S. Office of EductUion. Features and Revietcs contcinptatcd hare been carried over into the mid-Februarii number in preparation. These additional features are also fcheduitd for the forthcoming issue of Business Screen:

* A Complete Index of All Visual Aids for Vocational Training, Revised to February, 1942.

* The Church and Visual Aids: How modern church organiza- tions use and produce films.

* Motion Study and the Motion Picture: A survey of the work of the outstanding authority in this field.

* Film Education for the Western Hemisphere.

* Visual Aids for Civilian Defense: Feature Article. ptus news and reviews of oufstondjng new film releases.

.1 i:

.9. Army training film camera Army's films and production wU he

t/oes into action iti the field. rcinc^ixd in an early Business Screen.

pansion incident to the production of war materials also created a need for large numbers of production workers, that is. semi-skilled or single skill workers as well as a large number of replacements for workers who are upgraded. Through these short intensive courses per- sons who had previous experience in a defense occupation, but who have not actively engaged in that occupation for a period of time, have had an opportunity to refresh their skill.

Priority Lnemim.ovment .\id Workers displaced due to priori- ties or other governmental restric- tions placed on non-defense indus- tries are given these courses to build on the skill and knowledge of their regular occupations. These courses are also given for workers with little or no previous industrial ex- perience. This program is being accomplished through the utiliza- tion of the plants and equipment and teaching staffs of our public vocational schools. These courses are designed to give workers specific jobs known to be open in industry. The enrollment of workers tak- ing pre-emplovnient courses as of December 1. 1941. was 127.261. During the 17 months that these courses have been in operation a total of 712.400 enrollments have been made. .\ large percent of those completing these courses have en- tered private employment.

ViTA \^'oRKF.RS TmiNKt)

The \^ orks Projects Administra- tion reports as of December 1. 1941. indicate that V.V.i.W) \\P.\ workers have already received training in this program. Of this number 89.089 have voluntarily left the ^'P.K which would indicate that they have obtained gainful employment.

During the next year the number of workers to be retrained will be maleriallv increased over the num- lier trained during the past year, and conversely, the number of workers receiving refresher train- ing will decrease materially. The total number of trainees receiving pre-employment training must be increased to meet the needs of in- dustries if we are to secure maxi- mum production.

OUT-OF-SCHOOI, KIKAL & NON-RURAI. TRAINING

"k In order to provide opiJortunities for rural youth to receive defense training, ('ongress appropriated funds for the conduct of courses in rural communities. These courses are carried out through the utiliza- tion of the shops of rural public schools. This program is being car- ried on in the 2.500 different com (Please turn to Page 29 I

BusinrsK Screen

Full Speed to Victory!

By John W. Studebaker. U. S. Commissioner of Education

MONTHS AGO there was placed over the main en- trance to the office of the Federal Security Admin- istrator Paul V. McNutt the commanding slogan, "Time Is Short." It served to quicken the pace of all who entered there as they went about their duties in con- nection with "defense." And the Administrator, from the first day a Nazi foot was set on Polish soil, was himself a living example of determination and celerity in action.

Since December 7 all vestiges of inhibitions have been removed; the slogan for the entire Nation is now, "Full Speed Ahead to Victory."

The need for speed and precision in war industries requires no additional emphasis. Twenty million pairs of hands in those industries, guided by alert and trained minds, must possess unexcelled dexterity and sustained power in action. To the extent that the workers see and understand the principles of mechanics and

GUEST EDITORIAL: A FOREWORD

have the skills needed for maximum production our out- put of the implements of warfare will increase.

For two reasons, therefore, we should make the wid- est use of effective visual aids such as the training motion pictures now in production by the U. S. Office of Education in developing the abilities of industrial workers. First, instructional aids speed up the learning process, thus making available more skilled hands on any given date than the Nation would otherwise have at its service; and second, the quality of the workman- ship of our gigantic industrial army will be greatly im- proved. For these reasons an adequate supply of care- fully planned and well executed sound-on-film pictures to aid in training for war service is a prerequisite to "Full Speed Ahead to Victory."

~~^. )at::^.U(M-tAxy'^

U. S. Commissioner of Education

TO THE VICTORY TRAINING PROGRAM

Vielory Training Edition

I.l

In 1,000 vocational schools in the 48 stales. Hawaii and Puerto Rico, in 10,000 school shops, and in 155 colleges and universities, worker training is now on a 24 hour daily schedule.

Teaching Fundamentals in Victory Training

BY C. F. Klinefelter, Assistant to the U. S. Commissioner oi Education

FOLLOWING the decision by U. S. Commissioner of Edu- cation John W. Studebaker to inaugurate a program of produc- ing motion pictures designed ex- pressly as teaching aids for the defense training program, an Of- fice of Education committee was established, composed, with the exception of two representatives of the Engineering Defense Train- ing Program, of a number of per- sons who were or had formerly been employed in the Trade and Industrial Education Service of the Vocational Division. Having decided that the first motion pic- tures should be made for use in the most critical bottleneck of all defense production activities — machine shop work — a compre- hensive analysis of basic opera- tions and machine tools was laid out by the committee.

This trade analysis was then

subdivided by the committee into approximately 150 units or teach- ing lessons, which could be treated adequately in units of 400 foot 16mra. film. With the excep- tion of certain units designed to explain items of basic technical knowledge and fundamental pro- cedures common to a number of operations, the units were laid out in terms of work jobs, such as mechanics and operators are actually assigned from day to day in the shop. Further, the units were arranged in terms of learning difficulties rather than of production difficulties.

Step-by-Step Analysis

Having developed the trade analysis to this point, with the assistance of the committee, the technical consultant on machine shop practice next developed an individual synopsis of the subject

matter to be incorporated in each teaching unit. The director of visual aids then took the synop- sis and added suggestions as to methods of treating the subject matter so as to utilize the most effective devices to clearly por- tray the material.

Richards Traiiiin? Formula

In constructing each synopsis, consideration was given to Rich- ards' Training Formula, in which Efficiency of training varies as: the degree of Manipulative skill required; the Technical knowl- edge one must have to do the job at all; auxiliary /nformation in excess of that required for a particular job; trade /udgment and: MOrale. This was because

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